🗊Презентация Theories of the Syllable

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Theories of the Syllable , слайд №1Theories of the Syllable , слайд №2Theories of the Syllable , слайд №3Theories of the Syllable , слайд №4Theories of the Syllable , слайд №5Theories of the Syllable , слайд №6Theories of the Syllable , слайд №7Theories of the Syllable , слайд №8Theories of the Syllable , слайд №9Theories of the Syllable , слайд №10
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Theories of the Syllable
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Theories of the Syllable

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Expiratory Theory It is the oldest theory. Each syllable corresponds to a single expiration. A word contains as many syllables as there are such expirations made during its utterance. Each vowel sound is pronounced with a fresh expiration. The syllabic boundary is at the point where a fresh expiratory pulse begins.
Описание слайда:
Expiratory Theory It is the oldest theory. Each syllable corresponds to a single expiration. A word contains as many syllables as there are such expirations made during its utterance. Each vowel sound is pronounced with a fresh expiration. The syllabic boundary is at the point where a fresh expiratory pulse begins.

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Method of Investigation It is easy to prove this theory with the help of the flame of a candle.
Описание слайда:
Method of Investigation It is easy to prove this theory with the help of the flame of a candle.

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Nevertheless, the theory is criticized by a number of scientists (e.g. G.P. Torsuyev, A.C. Gimson). Nevertheless, the theory is criticized by a number of scientists (e.g. G.P. Torsuyev, A.C. Gimson). [`si:ɪŋ] – linguistically can be divided into two units, while there is only one chest-pulse. [stɑ:] – there are two expiratory pulses: the first is on the [s] and the second is on the [tɑ:] (which occurs due to the occlusion needed to articulate [t]), but the word is still monosyllabic.
Описание слайда:
Nevertheless, the theory is criticized by a number of scientists (e.g. G.P. Torsuyev, A.C. Gimson). Nevertheless, the theory is criticized by a number of scientists (e.g. G.P. Torsuyev, A.C. Gimson). [`si:ɪŋ] – linguistically can be divided into two units, while there is only one chest-pulse. [stɑ:] – there are two expiratory pulses: the first is on the [s] and the second is on the [tɑ:] (which occurs due to the occlusion needed to articulate [t]), but the word is still monosyllabic.

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Sonority Theory Sonority – an acoustic property of speech sounds which determines this or that degree of their perceptibility.
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Sonority Theory Sonority – an acoustic property of speech sounds which determines this or that degree of their perceptibility.

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A syllable contains one "peak" of sonority separated from other peaks by "valleys" of lower sonority. A syllable contains one "peak" of sonority separated from other peaks by "valleys" of lower sonority. [`sæd.n] – [æ] and [n] are the peaks separated by [d], which is less sonorous. [sænd] – there is only one peak ([æ]) and, hence, one syllable.
Описание слайда:
A syllable contains one "peak" of sonority separated from other peaks by "valleys" of lower sonority. A syllable contains one "peak" of sonority separated from other peaks by "valleys" of lower sonority. [`sæd.n] – [æ] and [n] are the peaks separated by [d], which is less sonorous. [sænd] – there is only one peak ([æ]) and, hence, one syllable.

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The theory fails to explain the mechanism of the syllable formation and syllable division. The theory fails to explain the mechanism of the syllable formation and syllable division. [`eks-trǝ] or [`ek-strǝ] ? [ǝ neim] or [ǝn eim] ? The sonority theory can only explain why this sequence consists of two syllables, but it cannot explain by what means and at what points it is divided into syllables in two different ways.
Описание слайда:
The theory fails to explain the mechanism of the syllable formation and syllable division. The theory fails to explain the mechanism of the syllable formation and syllable division. [`eks-trǝ] or [`ek-strǝ] ? [ǝ neim] or [ǝn eim] ? The sonority theory can only explain why this sequence consists of two syllables, but it cannot explain by what means and at what points it is divided into syllables in two different ways.

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Theory of Muscular Tension Sounds in connected speech are pronounced with alternative intensification and slackening of muscular tension. Each peak of intensification with the following slackening of tension forms a syllable. Sounds that are pronounced with intensification of muscular tension are termed pitch sounds. The syllable is an arc of articulatory tension. The pitch sound is the centre of the syllable and of the arc of tension (vowel or sonorant).
Описание слайда:
Theory of Muscular Tension Sounds in connected speech are pronounced with alternative intensification and slackening of muscular tension. Each peak of intensification with the following slackening of tension forms a syllable. Sounds that are pronounced with intensification of muscular tension are termed pitch sounds. The syllable is an arc of articulatory tension. The pitch sound is the centre of the syllable and of the arc of tension (vowel or sonorant).

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Loudness Theory Shcherba's definition is modified: The syllable is an arc of articulatory effort. The arc of loudness of perception level is formed due to variations of the volume of the pharyngeal passage which is modified by contractions of its walls. The narrowing of the passage and the increase in muscular tension reinforce the actual loudness of a vowel, forming the peak of the syllable.
Описание слайда:
Loudness Theory Shcherba's definition is modified: The syllable is an arc of articulatory effort. The arc of loudness of perception level is formed due to variations of the volume of the pharyngeal passage which is modified by contractions of its walls. The narrowing of the passage and the increase in muscular tension reinforce the actual loudness of a vowel, forming the peak of the syllable.

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Theories of the Syllable , слайд №10
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