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Слайды и текст этой презентации

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The Nervous System: Central Nervous System
Описание слайда:
The Nervous System: Central Nervous System

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Central Nervous System CNS: brain and spinal cord Necessary for the maintenance of homeostasis Contains 1011 neurons Contains 1014 synapses Responsible for everything we perceive, do, feel, and think
Описание слайда:
Central Nervous System CNS: brain and spinal cord Necessary for the maintenance of homeostasis Contains 1011 neurons Contains 1014 synapses Responsible for everything we perceive, do, feel, and think

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Glial Cells 90% of CNS composed of glia Five types of glial cells Astrocyte—numerous functions Ependymal cells—line cavities Microglia—phagocytes Oligodendrocytes—form myelin Schwann cells (located in PNS)—form myelin
Описание слайда:
Glial Cells 90% of CNS composed of glia Five types of glial cells Astrocyte—numerous functions Ependymal cells—line cavities Microglia—phagocytes Oligodendrocytes—form myelin Schwann cells (located in PNS)—form myelin

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Glial Cells
Описание слайда:
Glial Cells

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Astrocytes Development of neural connections Possibly modulate synaptic activity Remove neurotransmitter from synaptic cleft Communicate to neurons through chemical messengers Maintain normal electrolyte composition of ISF in CNS Protect neurons against toxic substances and oxidative stress
Описание слайда:
Astrocytes Development of neural connections Possibly modulate synaptic activity Remove neurotransmitter from synaptic cleft Communicate to neurons through chemical messengers Maintain normal electrolyte composition of ISF in CNS Protect neurons against toxic substances and oxidative stress

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Microglia Protect CNS from foreign matter through phagocytosis Bacteria Dead or injured cells Protect CNS from oxidative stress
Описание слайда:
Microglia Protect CNS from foreign matter through phagocytosis Bacteria Dead or injured cells Protect CNS from oxidative stress

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CNS: Physical Support
Описание слайда:
CNS: Physical Support

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CNS: Physical Support
Описание слайда:
CNS: Physical Support

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Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Extracellular fluid of the CNS Secreted by ependymal cells of the choroid plexus Circulates to subarachnoid space and ventricles Reabsorbed by arachnoid villi Functions Cushions brain Maintains stable interstitial fluid environment
Описание слайда:
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Extracellular fluid of the CNS Secreted by ependymal cells of the choroid plexus Circulates to subarachnoid space and ventricles Reabsorbed by arachnoid villi Functions Cushions brain Maintains stable interstitial fluid environment

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Cerebral Spinal Fluid
Описание слайда:
Cerebral Spinal Fluid

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CSF Production Total volume of CSF = 125–150 mL Choroid plexus produces 400–500 mL/day Recycled three times a day
Описание слайда:
CSF Production Total volume of CSF = 125–150 mL Choroid plexus produces 400–500 mL/day Recycled three times a day

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Blood Supply to the CNS CNS comprises 2% of body weight (3–4 pounds) Receives 15% of blood supply High metabolic rate Brain uses 20% of oxygen consumed by body at rest Brain uses 50% of glucose consumed by body at rest Depends on blood flow for energy
Описание слайда:
Blood Supply to the CNS CNS comprises 2% of body weight (3–4 pounds) Receives 15% of blood supply High metabolic rate Brain uses 20% of oxygen consumed by body at rest Brain uses 50% of glucose consumed by body at rest Depends on blood flow for energy

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High Demand for Blood Depends on aerobic glycolysis Requires glucose and oxygen No glycogen stores Fatty acids not used for energy Ketones used during extreme conditions
Описание слайда:
High Demand for Blood Depends on aerobic glycolysis Requires glucose and oxygen No glycogen stores Fatty acids not used for energy Ketones used during extreme conditions

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Stroke Caused by decreased blood supply Occlusion of cerebral blood vessel Hemorrhage from cerebral blood vessel
Описание слайда:
Stroke Caused by decreased blood supply Occlusion of cerebral blood vessel Hemorrhage from cerebral blood vessel

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Blood-Brain Barrier Capillaries Sites of exchange between blood and interstitial fluid Blood-brain barrier Special anatomy of CNS capillaries which limit exchange
Описание слайда:
Blood-Brain Barrier Capillaries Sites of exchange between blood and interstitial fluid Blood-brain barrier Special anatomy of CNS capillaries which limit exchange

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Blood-Brain Barrier
Описание слайда:
Blood-Brain Barrier

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CNS: Gray and White Matter
Описание слайда:
CNS: Gray and White Matter

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White Matter in Brain Projection fibers Cerebral cortex with lower levels of brain or spinal cord Association fibers Connect two areas of cerebral cortex on same side of brain Commissural fibers Connect same cortical regions on two sides of brain Corpus callosum Primary location of commissural fibers
Описание слайда:
White Matter in Brain Projection fibers Cerebral cortex with lower levels of brain or spinal cord Association fibers Connect two areas of cerebral cortex on same side of brain Commissural fibers Connect same cortical regions on two sides of brain Corpus callosum Primary location of commissural fibers

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CNS: Gray and White Matter
Описание слайда:
CNS: Gray and White Matter

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II. Spinal Cord Cylinder of nerve tissue Continuous with brain Surrounded by vertebral column Origin of spinal nerves (31 pairs)
Описание слайда:
II. Spinal Cord Cylinder of nerve tissue Continuous with brain Surrounded by vertebral column Origin of spinal nerves (31 pairs)

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Spinal Cord
Описание слайда:
Spinal Cord

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Dermatome Sensory region of skin Each served by spinal nerve
Описание слайда:
Dermatome Sensory region of skin Each served by spinal nerve

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Dermatome
Описание слайда:
Dermatome

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Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Gray matter: functional halves Dorsal: sensory functions Ventral: motor functions Spinal nerves are mixed White matter forms tracts Ascending Descending
Описание слайда:
Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Gray matter: functional halves Dorsal: sensory functions Ventral: motor functions Spinal nerves are mixed White matter forms tracts Ascending Descending

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Spinal Cord: Cross Section
Описание слайда:
Spinal Cord: Cross Section

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Spinal Cord: Tracts
Описание слайда:
Spinal Cord: Tracts

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Spinal Cord: Ascending Tracts
Описание слайда:
Spinal Cord: Ascending Tracts

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Spinal Cord: Descending Tracts
Описание слайда:
Spinal Cord: Descending Tracts

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Brain
Описание слайда:
Brain

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Brain: Midsagittal View
Описание слайда:
Brain: Midsagittal View

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Functional Areas of Cerebrum
Описание слайда:
Functional Areas of Cerebrum

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Topographical Organization: Motor
Описание слайда:
Topographical Organization: Motor

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Topographical Organization: Sensory
Описание слайда:
Topographical Organization: Sensory

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The Limbic System
Описание слайда:
The Limbic System

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Functions of Limbic System Learning Emotions Behavior
Описание слайда:
Functions of Limbic System Learning Emotions Behavior

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Reflexes Automatic patterned response to a stimulus
Описание слайда:
Reflexes Automatic patterned response to a stimulus

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Classes of Reflexes
Описание слайда:
Classes of Reflexes

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Reflex Arc
Описание слайда:
Reflex Arc

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Stretch Reflex
Описание слайда:
Stretch Reflex

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Withdrawal and Crossed-Extensor Reflexes
Описание слайда:
Withdrawal and Crossed-Extensor Reflexes

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