🗊Презентация C++ templates

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Chapter 22 - C++ Templates
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Chapter 22 - C++ Templates

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22.1 Introduction Templates Easily create a large range of related functions or classes Function template - the blueprint of the related functions Template function - a specific function made from a function template
Описание слайда:
22.1 Introduction Templates Easily create a large range of related functions or classes Function template - the blueprint of the related functions Template function - a specific function made from a function template

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22.2 Class Templates Class templates Allow type-specific versions of generic classes Format: template <class T> class ClassName{ definition } Need not use "T", any identifier will work To create an object of the class, type ClassName< type > myObject; Example: Stack< double > doubleStack;
Описание слайда:
22.2 Class Templates Class templates Allow type-specific versions of generic classes Format: template <class T> class ClassName{ definition } Need not use "T", any identifier will work To create an object of the class, type ClassName< type > myObject; Example: Stack< double > doubleStack;

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22.2 Class Templates (II) Template class functions Declared normally, but preceded by template<class T> Generic data in class listed as type T Binary scope resolution operator used Template class function definition: template<class T> MyClass< T >::MyClass(int size) { myArray = new T[size]; } Constructor definition - creates an array of type T
Описание слайда:
22.2 Class Templates (II) Template class functions Declared normally, but preceded by template<class T> Generic data in class listed as type T Binary scope resolution operator used Template class function definition: template<class T> MyClass< T >::MyClass(int size) { myArray = new T[size]; } Constructor definition - creates an array of type T

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1. Class template definition 1.1 Function definitions 1.2 Stack constructor
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1. Class template definition 1.1 Function definitions 1.2 Stack constructor

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1.3 push 1.4 pop
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1.3 push 1.4 pop

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1. Load header 1.1 Initialize doubleStack 1.2 Initialize variables 2. Function calls
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1. Load header 1.1 Initialize doubleStack 1.2 Initialize variables 2. Function calls

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2. Function calls 3. Output
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2. Function calls 3. Output

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Program Output
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Program Output

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22.3 Class Templates and Non-type Parameters Can use non-type parameters in templates Default argument Treated as const Example: template< class T, int elements > Stack< double, 100 > mostRecentSalesFigures; Declares object of type Stack< double, 100> This may appear in the class definition: T stackHolder[ elements ]; //array to hold stack Creates array at compile time, rather than dynamic allocation at execution time
Описание слайда:
22.3 Class Templates and Non-type Parameters Can use non-type parameters in templates Default argument Treated as const Example: template< class T, int elements > Stack< double, 100 > mostRecentSalesFigures; Declares object of type Stack< double, 100> This may appear in the class definition: T stackHolder[ elements ]; //array to hold stack Creates array at compile time, rather than dynamic allocation at execution time

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22.3 Class Templates and Non-type Parameters (II) Classes can be overridden For template class Array, define a class named Array<myCreatedType> This new class overrides then class template for myCreatedType The template remains for unoverriden types
Описание слайда:
22.3 Class Templates and Non-type Parameters (II) Classes can be overridden For template class Array, define a class named Array<myCreatedType> This new class overrides then class template for myCreatedType The template remains for unoverriden types

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22.4 Templates and Inheritance A class template can be derived from a template class A class template can be derived from a non-template class A template class can be derived from a class template A non-template class can be derived from a class template
Описание слайда:
22.4 Templates and Inheritance A class template can be derived from a template class A class template can be derived from a non-template class A template class can be derived from a class template A non-template class can be derived from a class template

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22.5 Templates and friends Friendships allowed between a class template and Global function Member function of another class Entire class friend functions Inside definition of class template X: friend void f1(); f1() a friend of all template classes friend void f2( X< T > & ); f2( X< int > & ) is a friend of X< int > only. The same applies for float, double, etc. friend void A::f3(); Member function f3 of class A is a friend of all template classes
Описание слайда:
22.5 Templates and friends Friendships allowed between a class template and Global function Member function of another class Entire class friend functions Inside definition of class template X: friend void f1(); f1() a friend of all template classes friend void f2( X< T > & ); f2( X< int > & ) is a friend of X< int > only. The same applies for float, double, etc. friend void A::f3(); Member function f3 of class A is a friend of all template classes

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22.5 Templates and friends (II) friend void C< T >::f4( X< T > & ); C<float>::f4( X< float> & ) is a friend of class X<float> only friend classes friend class Y; Every member function of Y a friend with every template class made from X friend class Z<T>; Class Z<float> a friend of class X<float>, etc.
Описание слайда:
22.5 Templates and friends (II) friend void C< T >::f4( X< T > & ); C<float>::f4( X< float> & ) is a friend of class X<float> only friend classes friend class Y; Every member function of Y a friend with every template class made from X friend class Z<T>; Class Z<float> a friend of class X<float>, etc.

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22.6 Templates and static Members Non-template class static data members shared between all objects Template classes Each class (int, float, etc.) has its own copy of static data members static variables initialized at file scope Each template class gets its own copy of static member functions
Описание слайда:
22.6 Templates and static Members Non-template class static data members shared between all objects Template classes Each class (int, float, etc.) has its own copy of static data members static variables initialized at file scope Each template class gets its own copy of static member functions

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