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Lecture 5 CSS Properties Sarsenova Zh.N.

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The position property The position property specifies the type of positioning method used for an element Elements are then positioned using the top, bottom, left, and right properties. However, these properties will not work unless the position property is set first. They also work differently depending on the position value. static, relative, absolute fixed

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Static Static positioned elements are not affected by the top, bottom, left, and right properties. An element with position: static; is not positioned in any special way; it is always positioned according to the normal flow of the page:

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Relative An element with position: relative; is positioned relative to its normal position. Setting the top, right, bottom, and left properties of a relatively-positioned element will cause it to be adjusted away from its normal position. Other content will not be adjusted to fit into any gap left by the element.

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Absolute An element with position: absolute; is positioned relative to the nearest positioned ancestor (instead of positioned relative to the viewport, like fixed). However; if an absolute positioned element has no positioned ancestors, it uses the document body, and moves along with page scrolling. Note: A "positioned" element is one whose position is anything except static.

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Fixed An element with position: fixed; is positioned relative to the viewport, which means it always stays in the same place even if the page is scrolled. The top, right, bottom, and left properties are used to position the element. A fixed element does not leave a gap in the page where it would normally have been located. Notice the fixed element in the lower-right corner of the page. Here is the CSS that is used:

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Floating Boxes The floating box sits wherever you place it, and the rest of the content flows around that box. The float property specifies whether or not an element should float. In its simplest use, the float property can be used to wrap text around images.

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Clear property The clear property specifies on which sides of an element floating elements are not allowed to float:

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Display property The display property specifies the type of box used for an HTML element.

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CSS Lists The CSS list properties allow you to: Set different list item markers for ordered lists Set different list item markers for unordered lists Set an image as the list item marker Add background colors to lists and list items

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An Image as The List Item Marker The list-style-image property specifies an image as the list item marker: Position The List Item Markers The list-style-position property specifies whether the list-item markers should appear inside or outside the content flow:

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List - Shorthand property When using the shorthand property, the order of the property values are: list-style-type (if a list-style-image is specified, the value of this property will be displayed if the image for some reason cannot be displayed) list-style-position (specifies whether the list-item markers should appear inside or outside the content flow) list-style-image (specifies an image as the list item marker)

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Styling List With Colors We can also style lists with colors, to make them look a little more interesting. Anything added to the <ol> or <ul> tag, affects the entire list, while properties added to the <li> tag will affect the individual list items:

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CSS border-collapse Property The border-collapse property sets whether the table borders are collapsed into a single border or detached as in standard HTML.

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Separate value

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Collapse value

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CSS cursor Property The cursor property specifies the type of cursor to be displayed CSS Syntax cursor: value; ayed when pointing on an element.

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Property Values

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:last-child Selector The :last-child selector matches every element that is the last child of its parent. Tip: p:last-child is equal to p:nth-last-child(1).

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Example

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Quiz . Which is the correct CSS syntax? body {color: black;} body:color=black; {body:color=black;} {body;color:black;}

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How do you insert a comment in a CSS file? // this is a comment ' this is a comment /* this is a comment */ // this is a comment //

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How do you add a background color for all <h1> elements? all.h1 {background-color:#FFFFFF;} h1.all {background-color:#FFFFFF;} h1 {background-color:#FFFFFF;}

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How do you display hyperlinks without an underline? a {text-decoration:no-underline;} a {text-decoration:none;} a {decoration:no-underline;} a {underline:none;}

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How do you make each word in a text start with a capital letter? text-transform:uppercase text-transform:capitalize You can't do that with CSS

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How do you display a border like this: The top border = 10 pixels The bottom border = 5 pixels The left border = 20 pixels The right border = 1pixel? border-width:10px 20px 5px 1px; border-width:10px 5px 20px 1px; border-width:5px 20px 10px 1px; border-width:10px 1px 5px 20px;