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Вы можете ознакомиться и скачать презентацию на тему Introduction to Maya. Доклад-сообщение содержит 62 слайдов. Презентации для любого класса можно скачать бесплатно. Если материал и наш сайт презентаций Mypresentation Вам понравились – поделитесь им с друзьями с помощью социальных кнопок и добавьте в закладки в своем браузере.

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Biography Naiqi Weng -- Autodesk Developer Network Education Bachelor of Computer Science Master of Computer Science Working experience Supporting software: Maya API, MotionBuilder SDK and 3dsMax SDK

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Dependency Graph

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Agenda What is Dependency Graph (DG)? Concepts/Elements of DG Nodes Custom plug-in DG node with Maya API DG’s push-pull mechanism Correct coding with DG

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Maya Hypergraph Menu: “Window”– “Hypergraph:Connections”

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What is the Dependency Graph? Control system of Maya Patented technology: US Patent #5,808,625 US Patent #5,929,864 A collection of nodes that transmit data through connected attributes

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Dependency Graph Everything in Maya 3D space maps to DG Nodes Anything you do in the UI will affect DG

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Dependency Graph

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What does a node do? Know its own attributes Store data efficiently in “datablocks” Accept input data, compute, generate output data Connect with other nodes through connections

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Different elements of a Node

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Attributes Describe data that belongs to nodes of a given type Attributes are shared among nodes of the same type and all derived node types

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Attributes Define the interface of the node type including Names Data Type Basic: numeric (float, int32 etc…), string, matrix, etc.. Complex: mesh, nurbsSurface, generic, etc… Custom data Structure Properties readable, writable, storable, keyable, etc…

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API Classes for Attributes Base Class: MFnAttribute Takes care of all the common aspect of an attribute on node readable/writable, connectable, storable, keyable Most Common Used Classes MFnNumericAttribute MFnCompoundAttribute MFnTypedAttribute MFnMatrixAttribute MFnGenericAttribute

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Different elements of a Node

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Plugs Pointer to an attribute on a specific node (ie. a specific instance of an attribute)

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Plugs Plugs can be used to: query / set a value create / remove /query a connection Does not store attribute data API class: MPlug MPlug::MPlug (const MObject &node, const MObject &attribute) MObject MPlug::attribute ( MStatus * ReturnStatus) MObject MPlug::node ( MStatus * ReturnStatus) MStatus MPlug::getValue ( double & val, MDGContext & ctx ) MStatus MPlug::setValue ( double val )

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Different elements of a Node

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Datablock Node stores data for every attribute

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Datablocks Datablock is the actual storage for the input and output data of a node For every non-array attribute, datablock stores: Data Dirty/clean status Data handles are lightweight pointers into the data in the datablock

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API Classes for datablock MDatablock Only valid during compute() Pointers to data block should not be retained after compute() MStatus MPxNode::compute(const MPlug& plug, MDataBlock& dataBlock) MDataHandle MDataBlock::inputValue(const MObject& attribute, MStatus * ReturnStatus) MDataHandle MDataBlock::outputValue ( const MObject & attribute, MStatus * ReturnStatus) MDataHandle a smart pointer for information contained in data block double & MDataHandle::asDouble ( ) void MDataHandle::set( double val )

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Custom Node Plug-in Implementation

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Custom DG Node in Maya Entirely new operations MPxNode: base class for custom node implementation Extend existing Maya nodes MPxDeformerNode MPxFieldNode MPxEmitterNode MPxSpringNode MPxIkSolverNode MPxHwShaderNode

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Custom Node Code Skeleton class myNode : public MPxNode { public: myNode(); virtual ~myNode(); static void* creator(); static MStatus initialize(); virtual MStatus compute( const MPlug& plug, MDataBlock& data ); private: static MTypeId id; static MObject myInputAttr; //input attribute static MObject myOutputAttr; //output attribute static MObject myOutputAttrTwo; //second output attribute };

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Custom Node Registration Every node type requires a unique identifier MTypeId myNode::id( 0x80000 ); For plug-ins that you intend to share between sites Will require a globally unique ID issued to you by Autodesk. IDs are allocated in blocks of 64/128/256/512. Contact ADN M&E for unique global IDs.

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Custom Node Registration initializePlugin() and uninitializePlugin() are entry point and exit point of custom plug-in node

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Custom Node Registration To register your node with Maya: To deregister your node

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Custom Node Code Skeleton MPxNode::creator() The creator method is called to return a new instance of the node In the Maya UI MEL: createNode myNode;

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Custom Node Code Skeleton MPxNode::initialize() Override this method to define the attribute interface for your node. create attributes set the attribute’s properties add the attribute to the node Inherit attributes if necessary define attribute relationships

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Attribute Dependency Attributes can affect other attributes MEL command: affects sphere -n sphere; affects tx sphere; MPxNode::attributeAffects() Once created on a node, an “attributeAffects” relationship can be setup to denote a dependency

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Custom Node Code Skeleton

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Custom Node Code Skeleton MPxNode::compute() called when the node is asked to evaluate an output

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$Examples Devkit Plug-in Examples: C:\Program Files\Autodesk\Maya2011\devkit\plug-ins The Maya API Documentation contains a wealth of information on...$

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Examples Devkit Plug-in Examples: C:\Program Files\Autodesk\Maya2011\devkit\plug-ins The Maya API Documentation contains a wealth of information on all aspects of the API.

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How does Dependency Graph work? Control system for Maya Glue that holds together disparate operations and lets them work together seamlessly DG is not a usual dataflow system….

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How does Dependency Graph Work? Two step Push-Pull mechanism: Dirty Propagation Evaluation

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Dirty Propagation Maya DG caches values Uses dirty system to denote elements that require updating: Attributes Connections MEL Commands: dgdirty isDirty

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Data Flow Example Key

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The Dirty Process Initiated by value changes

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The Dirty Process Dirty message propagates forward

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The Dirty Process No evaluation has been requested. Data remains dirty.

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The Dirty Process Now an input on A changes

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The Dirty Process Dirty propagates out all outgoing connections

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The Dirty Process B and D propagate dirty to affected attributes C will not receive dirty message Connection to C is already dirty Helps performance

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The Evaluation Process Lazy Evaluation: On demand Evaluation is trigged when values are requested: Viewport refresh Attribute editor Channel box Rendering getAttr command Etc… Evaluation is minimal Only requested values are computed Non-requested values are left dirty

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The Evaluation Process Example: getAttr C.output

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The Evaluation Process C computes: requests input value from connection

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The Evaluation Process D computes. D requests input value from connection

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The Evaluation Process A computes requested output

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The Evaluation Process Value copied forward to D’s input

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The Evaluation Process D computes requested result. D sets value in output.

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The Evaluation Process Value is copied forward to C

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The Evaluation Process C computes requested output. B remains dirty.

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The Evaluation Process Only requested outputs are computed, unless node’s compute method does more than requested

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Correct Coding with DG

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Correct Coding with DG Common misuse: put command-type tasks into a custom node implementation execute commands to change the status of current DG get or set values on other nodes Black Box Rule

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Black Box Rule Black-box operation of node is what makes it all work.

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A Closer Look at MPxNode::compute() You can not control when compute() is getting called, Maya control when it gets called Compute() is called in Evaluation phase Inside compute(): avoid sending dirty messages Don’t execute commands Don’t get or set values on other nodes

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A Closer Look at MPxNode::compute() Inside compute(): avoid sending dirty messages Get/set data only through datablock using data handles, don’t set data via plugs (i.e. MPlug::setValue) setting data via plug propagates dirty, datahandle does not datahandle set/get methods are more efficient