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The Basics of Object Lifetime. Disposing objects.

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AGENDA The Basics of Object Lifetime Building Finalizable Objects Building Disposable Objects Dispose pattern

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The Basics of Object Lifetime

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The Basics of Object Lifetime

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The Role of Application Roots Root is a storage location containing a reference to an object on the managed heap: • References to global objects • References to any static objects/static fields • References to local objects within an application’s code base • References to object parameters passed into a method • References to objects waiting to be finalized • Any CPU register that references an object

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Object Generations Each object on the heap belongs to one of the following generations: • Generation 0: Identifies a newly allocated object that has never been marked for collection. • Generation 1: Identifies an object that has survived a garbage collection (i.e., it was marked for collection but was not removed due to the fact that the sufficient heap space was acquired). • Generation 2: Identifies an object that has survived more than one sweep of the garbage collector.

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Building Finalizable Objects  Rule The reason to override Finalize() is if your C# class is making use of unmanaged resources via PInvoke or complex COM interoperability tasks. The reason is that you are manipulating memory that the CLR cannot manage.

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Building Finalizable Objects You can’t override the Finalize() method directly in your class, but you may use of a destructor syntax to achieve the same effect. Destructor never takes an access modifier (implicitly protected), never takes parameters, and can’t be overloaded (only one finalizer per class).

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Building Disposable Objects

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using

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Dispose pattern The Dispose Pattern is intended to standardize the usage and implementation of finalizers and the IDisposable interface. √ DO implement the Basic Dispose Pattern on types containing instances of disposable types. √ DO implement the Basic Dispose Pattern and provide a finalizer on types holding resources that need to be freed explicitly and that do not have finalizers. √ CONSIDER implementing the Basic Dispose Pattern on classes that themselves don’t hold unmanaged resources or disposable objects but are likely to have subtypes that do.

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Dispose pattern Involves implementing the System.IDisposable interface Declare the Dispose(bool) method that implements all resource cleanup logic to be shared between the Dispose method and the optional finalizer.