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LOGOS ACADEMY Paul Arce Troya

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Comparative Comparative is the name for the grammar used when comparing TWO THINGS The two basic ways to compare are using - as .. as - than Examples of each are shown as follows:

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As (adjective)as (the adjective does NOT change) She's twice as old as her sister. I'm almost as good in maths as in science. This book is not as exciting as the last one. The cafeteria is not as crowded as usual. Russian is not quite as difficult as Chinese.

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than (some changes are necessary, depending on the number of syllables the adjective has) This computer is better than that one. It's much colder today than it was yesterday. Our car is bigger than your car. This grammar topic is easier than most others. I find science more difficult than mathematics

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1-syllable adjectives: add -er to the adjective My sister is much taller than me. It's colder today than it was yesterday. Note: If the word ends: consonant-vowel-consonant, then the last consonant is usually doubled in the comparative. Examples: big-bigger, fat-fatter, hot-hotter.

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Note: The comparative of some shorter 2-syllable adjectives can be formed with -er. Examples: simple-simpler clever-cleverer narrow-narrower To be sure which comparative method to use, you will need to consult a good dictionary.

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Other 2-syllable adjectives: use “more” with the unchanged adjective . The shops are always more crowded just before Christmas. Is there anything more boring than watching a bad movie? My sister is more careful with her writing than I am with mine.

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Adjectives with 3 or more syllables: use more with the unchanged adjective Russian grammar is more difficult than English grammar. My sister is much more intelligent than me. I find maths lessons more enjoyable than science lessons.

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SUPERLATIVES In the superlative you talk about one thing only and how it is the best, worst, in a group. You do not compare two things, compare more than two. The following guidelines apply to the superlative:

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1-syllable adjectives: add -est to the adjective (plus the) My sister is the tallest in our family. Yesterday was the coldest day of the year so far. Note: If the word ends: consonant-vowel-consonant, then the last consonant is usually doubled in the superlative. Examples: big-biggest, fat-fattest, hot-hottest.

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2-syllable adjectives ending in –y : change the -y to -iest (plus the) The richest people are not always the happiest. Which do you think is the easiest language to learn? Beware: Do not confuse adjectives and adverbs. 2-syllable adverbs ending in -y form their superlative with the words the most. Example: Of all the people I know my father drives the most quickly (quickliest).

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Other 2-syllable adjectives: use the most with the unchanged adjective My sister is the most careful person I know. Note: The superlative of some shorter 2-syllable adjectives can be formed with -est. Examples: simple-simplest, clever-cleverest, narrow-narrowest. To be sure which superlative method to use, you will need to consult a good dictionary.

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Adjectives with 3 or more syllables: use the most with the unchanged adjective Some people think that Russian is the most difficult language. Albert Einstein was the most intelligent person in history. My most enjoyable class is English. You are the most irritating person I have ever met!

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There are irregular adjectives. Here are two common irregular comparative/superlative forms: Adjective – comparative - superlative Good better the best Bad worse the worst