🗊 Презентация Academic articles writing and analysis_Lecture 6_Literature Review

ACADEMIC ARTICLE WRITING AND ANALYSIS Online course for Bachelor and Master Students

TOPIC 6 LITERATURE REVIEW of academic article

Literature review FUNCTION: to summarize what other researchers have done regarding specific topic Producing literature review

TYPES OF LITERATURE REVIEWS JOURNAL STUDIES / ARTICLES Introduce research related to the specific subject (introduction section) Shorter than stand-alone reviews Narrower in scope Used to set research preceding or supporting theory or methods

STRUCTURE OF LITERATURE REVIEW The structure is presented from general to specific HYPOTHESIS STATEMENT

LITERATURE REVIEW WRITING PROCESS STEP 1 CHOOSE A TOPIC - FOCUS & EXPLORE IT

LITERATURE REVIEW WRITING PROCESS STEP 3 ANALYZE THE NETWORK OF INFORMATION AND SELECT WORKS Use mind maps and charts to identify intersections of the research and outline important categories Select the material most useful to your literature review

LITERATURE REVIEW WRITING PROCESS STEP 2 RESEARCH – COLLECT SCOLARLY INFORMATION & SOURCES 1. Scholarly articles 2. Books 3. Dissertations 4. Conference papers

LITERATURE REVIEW WRITING PROCESS STEP 4 DESCRIBE AND SUMMARIZE EACH SELECTED ARTICLE Determine 2-3 important concepts or findings discussed in each text Take notes of important aspects

LITERATURE REVIEW WRITING PROCESS STEP 5 DEMONTSRATE HOW CONCEPTS IN THE LITERATURE REVIEW RELATE TO RESULTS OF STUDY & ESTABLISH HOW THE LITERATURE IS CONNECTED Identify the missing parts in previous studies that your study refers to. Highlight concepts that support your hypothesis, methods, results or conclusions. Identify what is accurate and what is out of scope within the addressed studies.

EXAMPLE OF LITERATURE REVIEW aRticle: pathways for Germany’s Low-Carbon Energy Transformation Towards 2050 Literature Review Since Conference of the Parties (COP) 21 in 2015 at the latest, limiting the effects of climate change and decarbonizing and decentralizing the existing energy systems has become a topic and a task not only for scientists but also for states and subnational state institutions. As the Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century (Ren21) stated in its annual report of 2018 [46], 169 countries have already set their own targets for renewable energies. The transformation of energy systems is underway around the world with varying degrees of ambition, as shown, among other things, by the large volumes of investment in renewable energy plants. Nevertheless, the Ren21 report also shows a slightly reduced effort globally: Compared to 2017, global investment has fallen, CO2 emissions increased by 1.7% last year, some countries have retired from their own climate targets, and overall efforts are insufficient to meet the climate targets of the Paris Agreement [46]. That is why it is important that research continues on a global, supranational, national, and regional level in this area and that studies are being published that demonstrate the relevance of the issue and can put pressure on decision-makers. There is a variety of studies available that analyze possible pathways for decarbonized energy systems. While some studies are focusing on a global context [47,48] or on a European level [49–53]. Connolly et al. [53] used the 2013 version of the EU reference scenario [54] to calculate a European energy system in 2050 with integrated transportation, heating and cooling and industry sectors, which relies on renewables by 100%.

LITERATURE REVIEW SOURCES 46. REN21. Global Status Report—Renewables 2019; Technical Report; REN21 Secretariat: Paris, France, 2019; ISBN 978-3-9818911-7-1. [REPORT] 47. Pleßmann, G.; Erdmann, M.; Hlusiak, M.; Breyer, C. Global energy storage demand for a 100% renewable electricity supply. Energy Procedia 2014, 46, 22–31, doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2014.01.154. [ARTICLE] 48. Ram, M.; Bogdanov, D.; Aghahosseini, A.; Gulagi, A.; Oyewo, A.; Child, M.; Caldera, U.; Sadovskaia, K.; Farfan, J.; Barbosa, L.; et al. Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy—Power, Heat, Transport and Desalination Sectors; Technical Report; Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta: Berlin, Germany, 2019; ISBN 978-952-335-339-8. [REPORT] 49. Hainsch, K.; Burandt, T.; Kemfert, C.; Löffler, K.; Oei, P.Y.; von Hirschhausen, C. Emission pathways towards a low-carbon energy system for Europe—A model-based analysis of decarbonization scenarios. DIW Berlin Discussion Paper 2018, 1745, 1–34. [DISCUSSION PAPER] 50. Gerbaulet, C.; von Hirschhausen, C.; Kemfert, C.; Lorenz, C.; Oei, P.Y. European electricity sector decarbonization under different levels of foresight. Renew. Energy 2019, 141, 973–987, doi:10.1016/j.renene.2019.02.099. [ARTICLE] 51. Child, M.; Kemfert, C.; Bogdanov, D.; Breyer, C. Flexible electricity generation, grid exchange and storage for the transition to a 100% renewable energy system in Europe. Rene. Energy 2019, 139, 80–101, doi:10.1016/j.renene.2019.02.077. [ARTICLE] 52. Zappa, W.; Junginger, M.; van den Broek, M. Is a 100% renewable European power system feasible by 2050? Appl. Energy 2019, 233–234, 1027–1050, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.08.109. [ARTICLE] 53. Connolly, D.; Lund, H.; Mathiesen, B. Smart Energy Europe: The technical and economic impact of one potential 100% renewable energy scenario for the European Union. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2016, 60, 1634–1653, doi:10.1016/j.rser.2016.02.025. [ARTICLE] 54. European Commission. EU Reference Scenario 2016: Energy, Transport and GHG emissions—Trends to 2050; Technical Report; European Commission: Brussels, Belgium, 2016. [REPORT]

TIPS FOR WRITING A LITERATURE REVIEW Clearly define the topic Read many literature reviews and articles Focus on more current sources Take notes while reading literature LENGTH: stand-alone review – 2-3 pages introducing the study – 2-4 paragraphs NUMBER OF SOURCES stand-alone review – 5-15 – 30+ introducing the study – < 5

TASKs FOR INDIVIDUAL WORK Read attentively the literature review in the article from your field of study that you have found after the first lecture Identify the purpose of scientist(s) in presenting this literature review Define and calculate the sources in this literature review Identify the type of the sources and their publication date revising the current lecture material Do the tasks on the online platform

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