🗊Презентация Indicators of economic development

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Indicators of economic development, слайд №1Indicators of economic development, слайд №2Indicators of economic development, слайд №3Indicators of economic development, слайд №4Indicators of economic development, слайд №5Indicators of economic development, слайд №6Indicators of economic development, слайд №7Indicators of economic development, слайд №8Indicators of economic development, слайд №9Indicators of economic development, слайд №10Indicators of economic development, слайд №11Indicators of economic development, слайд №12Indicators of economic development, слайд №13Indicators of economic development, слайд №14Indicators of economic development, слайд №15Indicators of economic development, слайд №16Indicators of economic development, слайд №17Indicators of economic development, слайд №18Indicators of economic development, слайд №19Indicators of economic development, слайд №20Indicators of economic development, слайд №21
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Слайд 1


Indicators of Economic Development
Описание слайда:
Indicators of Economic Development

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Indicators of Economic Development
Описание слайда:
Indicators of Economic Development

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Growth versus Development Economic growth may be one aspect of economic development but is not the same Economic growth: A measure of the value of output of goods and services within a time period Economic Development: A measure of the welfare of humans in a society
Описание слайда:
Growth versus Development Economic growth may be one aspect of economic development but is not the same Economic growth: A measure of the value of output of goods and services within a time period Economic Development: A measure of the welfare of humans in a society

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Economic Growth Using measures of economic growth can give distorted pictures of the level of income in a country – the income distribution is not taken into account. A small proportion of the population can own a large amount of the wealth in a country. The level of human welfare for the majority could therefore be very limited.
Описание слайда:
Economic Growth Using measures of economic growth can give distorted pictures of the level of income in a country – the income distribution is not taken into account. A small proportion of the population can own a large amount of the wealth in a country. The level of human welfare for the majority could therefore be very limited.

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Growth
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Growth

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Economic Growth Using measures of economic performance in terms of the value of income, expenditure and output GDP – Gross Domestic Product The value of output produced within a country during a time period GNP – Gross National Product The value of output produced within a country plus net property income from abroad GDP/GNP per head/per capita Takes account of the size of the population Real GDP/GNP Accounts for differences in price levels in different countries
Описание слайда:
Economic Growth Using measures of economic performance in terms of the value of income, expenditure and output GDP – Gross Domestic Product The value of output produced within a country during a time period GNP – Gross National Product The value of output produced within a country plus net property income from abroad GDP/GNP per head/per capita Takes account of the size of the population Real GDP/GNP Accounts for differences in price levels in different countries

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Economic Growth High economic growth fuelled through capital spending can hide a number of underlying economic problems – how is the income and wealth distributed? Who is doing the spending and will it ‘trickle down’ to the poor?
Описание слайда:
Economic Growth High economic growth fuelled through capital spending can hide a number of underlying economic problems – how is the income and wealth distributed? Who is doing the spending and will it ‘trickle down’ to the poor?

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National Income – Problems with using GDP/GNP Reliability of data? How accurate is the data that is collected? Distribution of income? How is the income distributed – does a small proportion of the population earn a high percentage of the income or is income more evenly spread?
Описание слайда:
National Income – Problems with using GDP/GNP Reliability of data? How accurate is the data that is collected? Distribution of income? How is the income distributed – does a small proportion of the population earn a high percentage of the income or is income more evenly spread?

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National Income – Problems with using GDP/GNP Quality of life? Can changes in economic growth measure changes in the quality of life? Does additional earnings power bring with it additional stress, increases in working hours, increased health and family problems? Impact of exchange rate? Difference in exchange rates can distort the comparisons – need to express in one currency, but which one and at what value?
Описание слайда:
National Income – Problems with using GDP/GNP Quality of life? Can changes in economic growth measure changes in the quality of life? Does additional earnings power bring with it additional stress, increases in working hours, increased health and family problems? Impact of exchange rate? Difference in exchange rates can distort the comparisons – need to express in one currency, but which one and at what value?

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National Income – Problems with using GDP/GNP Black/informal economy? Some economic activity not recorded – subsistence farming and barter activity, for example Some economic activity is carried out illegally – building work ‘cash in hand’, drug dealing, etc. Work of the non-paid may not be considered but may contribute to welfare – charity work, housework, etc.
Описание слайда:
National Income – Problems with using GDP/GNP Black/informal economy? Some economic activity not recorded – subsistence farming and barter activity, for example Some economic activity is carried out illegally – building work ‘cash in hand’, drug dealing, etc. Work of the non-paid may not be considered but may contribute to welfare – charity work, housework, etc.

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Development
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Development

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Development Development incorporates the notion of a measure/measures of human welfare As such it is a normative concept – open to interpretation and subjectivity What should it include?
Описание слайда:
Development Development incorporates the notion of a measure/measures of human welfare As such it is a normative concept – open to interpretation and subjectivity What should it include?

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Development Levels of poverty Absolute poverty Relative poverty Inequality Progress – what constitutes progress?
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Development Levels of poverty Absolute poverty Relative poverty Inequality Progress – what constitutes progress?

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What is Poverty? Poverty is a ‘relative’ term
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What is Poverty? Poverty is a ‘relative’ term

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Development Other considerations of human welfare: Political freedoms? Sustenance? Sustainable development? Self esteem? Proportion of activity in different sectors of the economy: Primary Secondary Tertiary
Описание слайда:
Development Other considerations of human welfare: Political freedoms? Sustenance? Sustainable development? Self esteem? Proportion of activity in different sectors of the economy: Primary Secondary Tertiary

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Development Iraqis have supposedly been given their freedom following the American led ‘Operation freedom’ but has it improved welfare?
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Development Iraqis have supposedly been given their freedom following the American led ‘Operation freedom’ but has it improved welfare?

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Human Development Index
Описание слайда:
Human Development Index

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Human Development Index (HDI) HDI – A socio-economic measure Focus on three dimensions of human welfare: Longevity – Life expectancy Knowledge – Access to education, literacy rates Standard of living – GDP per capita: Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)
Описание слайда:
Human Development Index (HDI) HDI – A socio-economic measure Focus on three dimensions of human welfare: Longevity – Life expectancy Knowledge – Access to education, literacy rates Standard of living – GDP per capita: Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)

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Other Measures?
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Other Measures?

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Other Measures? How far do these other measures reflect levels of human welfare?
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Other Measures? How far do these other measures reflect levels of human welfare?

Слайд 21


Indicators of economic development, слайд №21
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