🗊Презентация Mechanics. Kinematics

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Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №1Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №2Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №3Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №4Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №5Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №6Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №7Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №8Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №9Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №10Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №11Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №12Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №13Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №14Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №15Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №16Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №17Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №18Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №19Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №20Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №21Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №22Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №23Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №24Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №25Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №26Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №27
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Mechanics Kinematics
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Mechanics Kinematics

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Kinematics is a way of describing the motion of objects without consideration of the reasons that cause this motion. Motion is a change in the position of a particle or a body in three-dimensional space. Translational motion occurs when the path traced out by any particle is exactly parallel to the path traced out by every other particle in the body. Material point (alternatively, a classical particle) is the body, whose size may be neglected in the given conditions. Rigid body is the body in which all the distances between the component particles are constant.
Описание слайда:
Kinematics is a way of describing the motion of objects without consideration of the reasons that cause this motion. Motion is a change in the position of a particle or a body in three-dimensional space. Translational motion occurs when the path traced out by any particle is exactly parallel to the path traced out by every other particle in the body. Material point (alternatively, a classical particle) is the body, whose size may be neglected in the given conditions. Rigid body is the body in which all the distances between the component particles are constant.

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Reference frame In order to describe the motion the reference frame is necessary. It consists of: 1. A coordinate system 2. A time measurer 3. A set of physical reference points that uniquely fix (locate and orient) the coordinate system. The coordinate system is used to describe the position of a point in space. It consists of: An origin at a particular point in space A set of coordinate axes with scales and labels Choice of positive direction for each axis: unit vectors
Описание слайда:
Reference frame In order to describe the motion the reference frame is necessary. It consists of: 1. A coordinate system 2. A time measurer 3. A set of physical reference points that uniquely fix (locate and orient) the coordinate system. The coordinate system is used to describe the position of a point in space. It consists of: An origin at a particular point in space A set of coordinate axes with scales and labels Choice of positive direction for each axis: unit vectors

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3 basic kinematic variables: 3 basic kinematic variables: the position of an object is simply its location in space the velocity of an object is how fast it is changing its position the acceleration of an object is how fast the velocity is changing
Описание слайда:
3 basic kinematic variables: 3 basic kinematic variables: the position of an object is simply its location in space the velocity of an object is how fast it is changing its position the acceleration of an object is how fast the velocity is changing

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Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №5
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Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №6
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Velocity Velocity is the rate of change of the particle’s position vector with respect to time. velocity is a vector quantity: “How fast and in which direction” direction of the velocity vector is tangent to the trajectory of the particle units: m/s, km/hr Average velocity
Описание слайда:
Velocity Velocity is the rate of change of the particle’s position vector with respect to time. velocity is a vector quantity: “How fast and in which direction” direction of the velocity vector is tangent to the trajectory of the particle units: m/s, km/hr Average velocity

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Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №9
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Speed
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Speed

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Rectilinear uniform motion Rectilinear uniform motion: the object travels in a straight line and covers equal distances in equal intervals of time. Velocity is constant: Speed is , where the distance l is covered in time t Equation for coordinate of the object traveling along the OX axis:
Описание слайда:
Rectilinear uniform motion Rectilinear uniform motion: the object travels in a straight line and covers equal distances in equal intervals of time. Velocity is constant: Speed is , where the distance l is covered in time t Equation for coordinate of the object traveling along the OX axis:

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Accelerated motion: non-uniform motion when velocity of the object varies with time. Rectilinear uniformly accelerated motion: the object travels in a straight line and its velocity increases or decreases by equal amounts in equal intervals of time. Acceleration rate of change of velocity with respect to time “How fast the velocity is changing” acceleration is a vector quantity units: m/s/s or m/s2 , m·s-2
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Accelerated motion: non-uniform motion when velocity of the object varies with time. Rectilinear uniformly accelerated motion: the object travels in a straight line and its velocity increases or decreases by equal amounts in equal intervals of time. Acceleration rate of change of velocity with respect to time “How fast the velocity is changing” acceleration is a vector quantity units: m/s/s or m/s2 , m·s-2

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Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №13
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Projectile Motion Projectile motion is a form of motion in which a body or particle (called a projectile) is thrown near the Earth's surface, and it moves under the action of gravity only. g is the acceleration due to gravity ; g = 9.8 m/s2 If an object is in FREE FALL, gravity will change an objects velocity by 9.8 m/s every second. The acceleration due to gravity: ALWAYS ACTS DOWNWARD IS ALWAYS CONSTANT near the surface of Earth (air resistance is negligible)
Описание слайда:
Projectile Motion Projectile motion is a form of motion in which a body or particle (called a projectile) is thrown near the Earth's surface, and it moves under the action of gravity only. g is the acceleration due to gravity ; g = 9.8 m/s2 If an object is in FREE FALL, gravity will change an objects velocity by 9.8 m/s every second. The acceleration due to gravity: ALWAYS ACTS DOWNWARD IS ALWAYS CONSTANT near the surface of Earth (air resistance is negligible)

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Motion of the projectile thrown vertically
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Motion of the projectile thrown vertically

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Motion of the projectile thrown horizontally
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Motion of the projectile thrown horizontally

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Motion of the projectile thrown horizontally
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Motion of the projectile thrown horizontally

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Motion of the projectile thrown at an angle above the horizontal
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Motion of the projectile thrown at an angle above the horizontal

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Motion of the projectile thrown at an angle above the horizontal Equations for coordinates:
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Motion of the projectile thrown at an angle above the horizontal Equations for coordinates:

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Complementary values of the initial angle α result in the same value of the horizontal range.
Описание слайда:
Complementary values of the initial angle α result in the same value of the horizontal range.

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Rotational motion Rotational motion occurs if every particle in the body moves in a circle about a single line. This line is called the axis of rotation.
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Rotational motion Rotational motion occurs if every particle in the body moves in a circle about a single line. This line is called the axis of rotation.

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Angular displacement Angular velocity, also known as angular frequency
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Angular displacement Angular velocity, also known as angular frequency

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Uniform circular motion is the case when the body moves at a constant speed in a circular path, but still has an acceleration. The velocity vector of the body is not constant: it has constant magnitude, but changing direction. Uniform circular motion is the case when the body moves at a constant speed in a circular path, but still has an acceleration. The velocity vector of the body is not constant: it has constant magnitude, but changing direction. The acceleration due to change in the direction is called centripetal. It is directed at all times towards the axis of rotation, and its magnitude is:
Описание слайда:
Uniform circular motion is the case when the body moves at a constant speed in a circular path, but still has an acceleration. The velocity vector of the body is not constant: it has constant magnitude, but changing direction. Uniform circular motion is the case when the body moves at a constant speed in a circular path, but still has an acceleration. The velocity vector of the body is not constant: it has constant magnitude, but changing direction. The acceleration due to change in the direction is called centripetal. It is directed at all times towards the axis of rotation, and its magnitude is:

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Example: quantitative determination of v and a from s or How to calculate v and a from s
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Example: quantitative determination of v and a from s or How to calculate v and a from s

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Example:
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Example:

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Example: You are driving through town at 12 m/s when suddenly a ball rolls out in front of your car. You apply the brakes and begin decelerating at 3.5 m/s/s. How far do you travel before coming to a complete stop?
Описание слайда:
Example: You are driving through town at 12 m/s when suddenly a ball rolls out in front of your car. You apply the brakes and begin decelerating at 3.5 m/s/s. How far do you travel before coming to a complete stop?

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Mechanics. Kinematics, слайд №27
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