🗊Презентация The variable of political culture & socialization

Категория: Политика
Нажмите для полного просмотра!
The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №1The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №2The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №3The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №4The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №5The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №6The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №7The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №8The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №9The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №10The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №11The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №12The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №13The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №14The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №15The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №16The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №17The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №18The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №19The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №20The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №21The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №22The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №23The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №24The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №25The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №26The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №27The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №28The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №29The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №30The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №31The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №32The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №33The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №34The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №35The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №36The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №37The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №38The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №39The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №40The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №41The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №42The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №43
Скачать

Содержание ▲

Вы можете ознакомиться и скачать презентацию на тему The variable of political culture & socialization. Доклад-сообщение содержит 43 слайдов. Презентации для любого класса можно скачать бесплатно. Если материал и наш сайт презентаций Mypresentation Вам понравились – поделитесь им с друзьями с помощью социальных кнопок и добавьте в закладки в своем браузере.

Слайды и текст этой презентации

Слайд 1


The variable of political culture & Socialization
Описание слайда:
The variable of political culture & Socialization

Слайд 2


We will especially be interested in… How do we explain democratic stability? Why is democracy the “only game in town” in some countries but not others? Different answers: Level of economic development Culture Institutions
Описание слайда:
We will especially be interested in… How do we explain democratic stability? Why is democracy the “only game in town” in some countries but not others? Different answers: Level of economic development Culture Institutions

Слайд 3


Culture and Politics A thought experiment: if we took a political institution(s) (e.g. democracy) indigenous to one country and transplanted it to another country with a completely different culture, would that institution /institutions perform the same way? Does culture matter?
Описание слайда:
Culture and Politics A thought experiment: if we took a political institution(s) (e.g. democracy) indigenous to one country and transplanted it to another country with a completely different culture, would that institution /institutions perform the same way? Does culture matter?

Слайд 4


Culture and Politics Classical political theorists starting with Plato and Aristotle and continuing through Montesquieu, Rousseau, and Tocqueville all recognized the importance of custom, tradition, mores, and religious practices for explaining political differences. However, the formalizing of the concept of political culture had to await the developments after World War II…
Описание слайда:
Culture and Politics Classical political theorists starting with Plato and Aristotle and continuing through Montesquieu, Rousseau, and Tocqueville all recognized the importance of custom, tradition, mores, and religious practices for explaining political differences. However, the formalizing of the concept of political culture had to await the developments after World War II…

Слайд 5


Culture and Politics Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America 3 major causes of democracy in America: (1) geographical situation (2) laws and institutions (3) values, culture and what he called mores - “the whole moral and intellectual state of a people”
Описание слайда:
Culture and Politics Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America 3 major causes of democracy in America: (1) geographical situation (2) laws and institutions (3) values, culture and what he called mores - “the whole moral and intellectual state of a people”

Слайд 6


Political culture is? Political culture = the set of attitudes, beliefs, and norms held by a population toward politics…
Описание слайда:
Political culture is? Political culture = the set of attitudes, beliefs, and norms held by a population toward politics…

Слайд 7


Political culture is? Attitudes = dispositions towards politics (political leaders, events, institutions, governments, policies, etc.). examples: support for the government, tolerance for opposing view points, trust in political institutions, feelings of political efficacy and so on.
Описание слайда:
Political culture is? Attitudes = dispositions towards politics (political leaders, events, institutions, governments, policies, etc.). examples: support for the government, tolerance for opposing view points, trust in political institutions, feelings of political efficacy and so on.

Слайд 8


Political culture is? Norms: = values / ideas about the world / judgments about what is good and bad… Example: “Democracy is good”; “justice is the most important thing”, etc.
Описание слайда:
Political culture is? Norms: = values / ideas about the world / judgments about what is good and bad… Example: “Democracy is good”; “justice is the most important thing”, etc.

Слайд 9


Political culture is? a nation’s political culture includes its citizens orientation toward 3 levels: the political system its individual institutions and the political and policy-making process policy outputs and outcomes
Описание слайда:
Political culture is? a nation’s political culture includes its citizens orientation toward 3 levels: the political system its individual institutions and the political and policy-making process policy outputs and outcomes

Слайд 10


Political culture Other issues: government overall involvement in society and economy ‘big government’ or ‘small government’? nationalization or privatization? from basic needs to quality of life (environment, arts, etc.)
Описание слайда:
Political culture Other issues: government overall involvement in society and economy ‘big government’ or ‘small government’? nationalization or privatization? from basic needs to quality of life (environment, arts, etc.)

Слайд 11


Political culture Political culture (PC) PC affects / has influence on: how the political system and institutions evolve, how political decisions are made, etc. How much does PC have impact on institutional structures in political system &decision-making processes? PC = a longer-term factor
Описание слайда:
Political culture Political culture (PC) PC affects / has influence on: how the political system and institutions evolve, how political decisions are made, etc. How much does PC have impact on institutional structures in political system &decision-making processes? PC = a longer-term factor

Слайд 12


Political culture “shared” political culture in one country does not mean that people have identical positions/ opinions on all issues…; we can, for instance, distinguish between “mass” vs. “elite” political cultures they might be different within one country and could be seen as different “sub-cultures” there might also be regional subcultures and subcultures associated with larger groups /classes
Описание слайда:
Political culture “shared” political culture in one country does not mean that people have identical positions/ opinions on all issues…; we can, for instance, distinguish between “mass” vs. “elite” political cultures they might be different within one country and could be seen as different “sub-cultures” there might also be regional subcultures and subcultures associated with larger groups /classes

Слайд 13


Political culture Observe also concepts / values such as: national identity national pride / patriotism nationalism National vs. regional / local identities
Описание слайда:
Political culture Observe also concepts / values such as: national identity national pride / patriotism nationalism National vs. regional / local identities

Слайд 14


Political culture Political culture / political subcultures Consensual Conflictual sometimes can coincide with religious, ethnic differences
Описание слайда:
Political culture Political culture / political subcultures Consensual Conflictual sometimes can coincide with religious, ethnic differences

Слайд 15


Political culture You may often hear that democracy cannot succeed in some countries because of their “undemocratic political culture”… civic culture = PC that supports liberalism and democracy (G. Almond & S. Verba) perhaps a balanced mix of participant and subject political cultures
Описание слайда:
Political culture You may often hear that democracy cannot succeed in some countries because of their “undemocratic political culture”… civic culture = PC that supports liberalism and democracy (G. Almond & S. Verba) perhaps a balanced mix of participant and subject political cultures

Слайд 16


The Civic Culture: Almond &Verba Two components: A participant attitude toward politics. Individuals value participation and become involved in their communities (not just their own narrow self interest) Trust in other people and a willingness to cooperate
Описание слайда:
The Civic Culture: Almond &Verba Two components: A participant attitude toward politics. Individuals value participation and become involved in their communities (not just their own narrow self interest) Trust in other people and a willingness to cooperate

Слайд 17


The Civic Culture: Almond &Verba
Описание слайда:
The Civic Culture: Almond &Verba

Слайд 18


The Civic Culture: Almond &Verba In subject or parochial political culture (also “familism)”: all loyalty and trust is centered in the family. people are not public-spirited: they don’t participate in community life, are not informed about politics, etc. no trust of “outsiders,” no willingness to cooperate. maximize material, short-run advantage of family
Описание слайда:
The Civic Culture: Almond &Verba In subject or parochial political culture (also “familism)”: all loyalty and trust is centered in the family. people are not public-spirited: they don’t participate in community life, are not informed about politics, etc. no trust of “outsiders,” no willingness to cooperate. maximize material, short-run advantage of family

Слайд 19


The Civic Culture: Almond &Verba Hypothesis: Civic Culture => Stable Democracy = in stable political systems political structures and political culture are mutually reinforcing Other PC / Familism => Unstable Democracy
Описание слайда:
The Civic Culture: Almond &Verba Hypothesis: Civic Culture => Stable Democracy = in stable political systems political structures and political culture are mutually reinforcing Other PC / Familism => Unstable Democracy

Слайд 20


The Civic Culture: Almond &Verba Seminar Test: Measure civic culture in 5 countries that vary in their level of democratic stability: High stability: US, GB Middle stability: Italy Low stability: Mexico, Pakistan Prediction: Civic culture is high in US and GB, low in Mexico and Pakistan, moderate in Italy. Results: Hypothesis confirmed. Conclusion: Cultural attitudes => Stability of democracy.
Описание слайда:
The Civic Culture: Almond &Verba Seminar Test: Measure civic culture in 5 countries that vary in their level of democratic stability: High stability: US, GB Middle stability: Italy Low stability: Mexico, Pakistan Prediction: Civic culture is high in US and GB, low in Mexico and Pakistan, moderate in Italy. Results: Hypothesis confirmed. Conclusion: Cultural attitudes => Stability of democracy.

Слайд 21


The Civic Culture: Almond &Verba BUT: Couldn’t the relationship run the other way? Perhaps high levels of civic culture are an effect of stable institutions, not their cause! AND: Perhaps both cultural values and democratic stability are caused by something else, namely, economic development? (In general: correlation is not the same as causation!!!)
Описание слайда:
The Civic Culture: Almond &Verba BUT: Couldn’t the relationship run the other way? Perhaps high levels of civic culture are an effect of stable institutions, not their cause! AND: Perhaps both cultural values and democratic stability are caused by something else, namely, economic development? (In general: correlation is not the same as causation!!!)

Слайд 22


The Civic Culture revisited: Putnam Robert Putnam, Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy Why does democracy work well in some places but not others? The Italian experiment: 15 identical regional governments situated in different economic and cultural contexts. Would they perform differently? If so, why?
Описание слайда:
The Civic Culture revisited: Putnam Robert Putnam, Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy Why does democracy work well in some places but not others? The Italian experiment: 15 identical regional governments situated in different economic and cultural contexts. Would they perform differently? If so, why?

Слайд 23


The Civic Culture revisited Citizens have become more distrustful of electoral politics, institutions, and representatives and are more ready to confront elites with demands from below.
Описание слайда:
The Civic Culture revisited Citizens have become more distrustful of electoral politics, institutions, and representatives and are more ready to confront elites with demands from below.

Слайд 24


The variable of political culture & socialization, слайд №24
Описание слайда:

Слайд 25


The Civic Culture revisited: Putnam In fact: performance has been quite varied. Government in the north = good; government in the south = not so good. The institutions are the same but their performance varies. WHY?
Описание слайда:
The Civic Culture revisited: Putnam In fact: performance has been quite varied. Government in the north = good; government in the south = not so good. The institutions are the same but their performance varies. WHY?

Слайд 26


The Civic Culture revisited: Putnam Explanations for the difference between the North and the South? Explanation One: Economic development. The North is rich, the South is poor. Explanation Two: Culture. Civic culture is high in the North, low in the South. So which is it? And what causes what?
Описание слайда:
The Civic Culture revisited: Putnam Explanations for the difference between the North and the South? Explanation One: Economic development. The North is rich, the South is poor. Explanation Two: Culture. Civic culture is high in the North, low in the South. So which is it? And what causes what?

Слайд 27


The Civic Culture revisited: Putnam Putnam: Culture. Why? Because the cultural differences observed in Northern Italy emerged first, before the economic differences, and long before the political ones.
Описание слайда:
The Civic Culture revisited: Putnam Putnam: Culture. Why? Because the cultural differences observed in Northern Italy emerged first, before the economic differences, and long before the political ones.

Слайд 28


The historical argument . . . Medieval Italy: a time of great violence and anarchy. Insecurity was a constant fact of life. In the South: the solution was to strengthen the power of the king, who could then secure the area. In the North: the solution was self-governance and mutual aid and defense.
Описание слайда:
The historical argument . . . Medieval Italy: a time of great violence and anarchy. Insecurity was a constant fact of life. In the South: the solution was to strengthen the power of the king, who could then secure the area. In the North: the solution was self-governance and mutual aid and defense.

Слайд 29


The historical argument . . . These different solutions had a long-lasting impact on the cultural traditions of the areas. A rich associational life flourished in the North, did not quite developed in the South. Furthermore, these cultural traditions emerged well before economic differences became entrenched. Thus, according to this argument, culture preceded politics and economics.
Описание слайда:
The historical argument . . . These different solutions had a long-lasting impact on the cultural traditions of the areas. A rich associational life flourished in the North, did not quite developed in the South. Furthermore, these cultural traditions emerged well before economic differences became entrenched. Thus, according to this argument, culture preceded politics and economics.

Слайд 30


… and the mechanism? Rich associational life (“social capital”) => Solves collective action problems. rich associational life means people interact repeatedly with one another, which helps them identify with common goals, punish free-riders, etc. rich associational life also promotes “norms of reciprocity”
Описание слайда:
… and the mechanism? Rich associational life (“social capital”) => Solves collective action problems. rich associational life means people interact repeatedly with one another, which helps them identify with common goals, punish free-riders, etc. rich associational life also promotes “norms of reciprocity”

Слайд 31


Political culture and political socialization How people acquire their political culture?
Описание слайда:
Political culture and political socialization How people acquire their political culture?

Слайд 32


Socialization and Political Socialization PC is gained in the process of political socialization
Описание слайда:
Socialization and Political Socialization PC is gained in the process of political socialization

Слайд 33


(Political) socialization Political socialization = the process by which political culture is transferred from generation to generation i.e. it happens through your exposure to family, school, the media, etc. during this process you become a “political animal”!
Описание слайда:
(Political) socialization Political socialization = the process by which political culture is transferred from generation to generation i.e. it happens through your exposure to family, school, the media, etc. during this process you become a “political animal”!

Слайд 34


Political socialization The way in which political values are formed and the political culture is transmitted from one generation to another Direct (public courses at school) Indirect (examples)
Описание слайда:
Political socialization The way in which political values are formed and the political culture is transmitted from one generation to another Direct (public courses at school) Indirect (examples)

Слайд 35


Political Socialization Agents of political socialization: The Family Schools Religious institutions Peer groups Social class and gender Mass media Interest groups Governmental structures (police, bureaucrats,…)
Описание слайда:
Political Socialization Agents of political socialization: The Family Schools Religious institutions Peer groups Social class and gender Mass media Interest groups Governmental structures (police, bureaucrats,…)

Слайд 36


Trends in contemporary political cultures Some general and global processes / trends are affecting political culture in many countries…: modernization democratization? globalization / marketization? resurgence of ethnicity / religion? postmaterial values
Описание слайда:
Trends in contemporary political cultures Some general and global processes / trends are affecting political culture in many countries…: modernization democratization? globalization / marketization? resurgence of ethnicity / religion? postmaterial values

Слайд 37


Liberalism’s Key Norms The protection of individual rights from powerful groups and governments. Competition and disagreement versus harmony and cooperation. Tolerance of dissent rather than unanimity. Egalitarianism over hierarchy. Society should have a separate, protected realm from the state.
Описание слайда:
Liberalism’s Key Norms The protection of individual rights from powerful groups and governments. Competition and disagreement versus harmony and cooperation. Tolerance of dissent rather than unanimity. Egalitarianism over hierarchy. Society should have a separate, protected realm from the state.

Слайд 38


Notes on Liberalism and democracy Historically, liberalism was a precedent to democracy in Western Europe and the US. This has lead some to see liberalism as a necessary condition for democracy.
Описание слайда:
Notes on Liberalism and democracy Historically, liberalism was a precedent to democracy in Western Europe and the US. This has lead some to see liberalism as a necessary condition for democracy.

Слайд 39


Liberalism and democracy Why? Norms like egalitarianism and tolerance of dissent may improve the quality of competition. Emphasis on individual rights may make majority rule less frightening for minorities.
Описание слайда:
Liberalism and democracy Why? Norms like egalitarianism and tolerance of dissent may improve the quality of competition. Emphasis on individual rights may make majority rule less frightening for minorities.

Слайд 40


Huntington’s cultural argument Samuel Huntington: liberal norms are associated with some religions (Protestantism) but not others (Catholicism, Confucianism, Islam). Can we found democracy where these “non-liberal” religions prevail?
Описание слайда:
Huntington’s cultural argument Samuel Huntington: liberal norms are associated with some religions (Protestantism) but not others (Catholicism, Confucianism, Islam). Can we found democracy where these “non-liberal” religions prevail?

Слайд 41


Huntington’s cultural argument Catholicism: hierarchical, emphasizes a single, collective good. Values harmony and consensus. Confucianism: authority, hierarchy, responsibility, harmony. Sees conflict as dangerous. Merges state and society. Islam: rejects separation of religion and state.
Описание слайда:
Huntington’s cultural argument Catholicism: hierarchical, emphasizes a single, collective good. Values harmony and consensus. Confucianism: authority, hierarchy, responsibility, harmony. Sees conflict as dangerous. Merges state and society. Islam: rejects separation of religion and state.

Слайд 42


Huntington’s cultural argument: problems Religions and cultures are dynamic, not static. All religions have aspects that conform with liberal norms and others that contradict them. Consensus building may be as important to democracy as competition.
Описание слайда:
Huntington’s cultural argument: problems Religions and cultures are dynamic, not static. All religions have aspects that conform with liberal norms and others that contradict them. Consensus building may be as important to democracy as competition.

Слайд 43


Liberalism and Democracy But what comes first in practice, the chicken or the egg? Democracy or liberalism, liberalism or democracy? Can living in a healthy democracy teach people to be liberal?
Описание слайда:
Liberalism and Democracy But what comes first in practice, the chicken or the egg? Democracy or liberalism, liberalism or democracy? Can living in a healthy democracy teach people to be liberal?

Скачать

Похожие презентации
Mypresentation.ru
Загрузить презентацию