🗊Презентация Pulmonary tuberculosis. Passive Voice. Past and Present Tenses

Pulmonary tuberculosis. Passive Voice. Past and Present Tenses.

Definition Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial infection that involves the lungs. It may spread to other organs. Most people recover from primary TB infection without further evidence of the disease. The infection may stay inactive (dormant) for years. In some people, it becomes active again (reactivates). Most people who develop symptoms of a TB infection first became infected in the past. In some cases, the disease becomes active within weeks after the primary infection.

Symptoms People with latent TB have no symptoms, but they should still be treated. Symptoms of pulmonary TB include: coughing that continues for several days coughing up blood fever, including low-grade, consistent fever excessive sweating chest pain unexplained weight loss Fatigue Wheezing Because these are signs of other diseases, too, you should see a doctor to find out their cause.

Causes Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). TB is contagious. This means the bacteria is easily spread from an infected person to someone else. You can get TB by breathing in air droplets from a cough or sneeze of an infected person. The resulting lung infection is called primary TB.

Treatment The goal of treatment is to cure the infection with medicines that fight the TB bacteria. Active pulmonary TB is treated with a combination of many medicines (usually four medicines). You may need to take many different pills at different times of the day for 6 months or longer. It is very important that you take the pills the way your provider instructed. When people do not take their TB medicines like they are supposed to, the infection can become much more difficult to treat. The TB bacteria can become resistant to treatment. This means the medicines no longer work. If a person is not taking all the medicines as directed, a provider may need to watch the person take the prescribed medicines. This approach is called directly observed therapy. In this case, medicines may be given 2 or 3 times a week. You may need to stay at home or be admitted to a hospital for 2 to 4 weeks to avoid spreading the disease to others until you are no longer contagious. Your provider is required by law to report your TB illness to the local health department. Your health care team will ensure that you receive the best care.

Passive voice The Passive Voice показывает, что лицо или предмет, обозначенные подлежащим, являются объектами действия, выраженного сказуемым: She was woken from her sleep by his singing. - Она была разбужена его пением.

Образование The Passive Voice образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в соответствующем времени, лице и числе и причастия прошедшего времени смыслового глагола Participle II: to be + Participle II

Таблица времен

Примеры Indefinite Passive (to be + Participle II). The newspapers are delivered every morning. (Present Indefinite Passive) Газеты доставляются каждое утро. This book was bought a month ago. (Past Indefinite Passive) Эта книга была куплена месяц назад. Continuous Passive (to be + being + Participle II). The house is being repaired. (Present Continuous Passive) Дом ремонтируется. When John was ill he was being taught at home. (Past Continuous Passive) Когда Джон болел, его обучали дома.

Perfect Passive (to have + been + Participle II). Perfect Passive (to have + been + Participle II). This letter has been brought by the secretary. (Present Perfect Passive) Секретарь принёс письмо. (Письмо принесено секретарём) He decided to become a writer only when his first story had been published. (Past Perfect Passive) Он решил стать писателем, только когда его первый рассказ был напечатан. Сказуемое в страдательном залоге может переводиться на русский язык: а) кратким страдательным причастием; б) глаголом на -ся; в) неопределённо-личным глаголом. The house is built. а) Дом построен. б) Дом строится. в) Дом строят.