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General Information About Adult Soft Tissue Sarcoma KEY POINTS Adult soft tissue sarcoma is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the soft tissues of the body. Having certain inherited disorders can increase the risk of adult soft tissue sarcoma. A sign of adult soft tissue sarcoma is a lump or swelling in soft tissue of the body. Adult soft tissue sarcoma is diagnosed with a biopsy. Certain factors affect treatment options and prognosis (chance of recovery).

Sarcoma KEY POINTS Adult soft tissue sarcoma is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the soft tissues of the body. Having certain inherited disorders can increase the risk of adult soft tissue sarcoma. A sign of adult soft tissue sarcoma is a lump or swelling in soft tissue of the body. Adult soft tissue sarcoma is diagnosed with a biopsy. Certain factors affect treatment options and prognosis (chance of recovery). Adult soft tissue sarcoma is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the soft tissues of the body. The soft tissues of the body include the muscles, tendons (bands of fiberthat connect muscles to bones), fat, blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves, and tissues around joints. Adult soft tissue sarcomas can form almost anywhere in the body, but are most common in the head, neck, arms, legs, trunk, abdomen, and retroperitoneum.

Having certain inherited disorders can increase the risk of adult soft tissue sarcoma. Anything that increases your risk of getting a disease is called a risk factor. Having a risk factor does not mean that you will get cancer; not having risk factors doesn't mean that you will not get cancer. Talk with your doctor if you think you may be at risk. Risk factors for soft tissue sarcoma include the following inherited disorders: Retinoblastoma. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1; von Recklinghausen disease). Tuberous sclerosis (Bourneville disease). Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP; Gardner syndrome). Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Werner syndrome (adult progeria). Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin syndrome).

A sign of adult soft tissue sarcoma is a lump or swelling in soft tissue of the body. A sarcoma may appear as a painless lump under the skin, often on an arm or a leg. Sarcomas that begin in the abdomen may not cause signs or symptoms until they get very big. As the sarcoma grows bigger and presses on nearby organs, nerves, muscles, or blood vessels, signs and symptoms may include: Pain. Trouble breathing. Other conditions may cause the same signs and symptoms..

Adult soft tissue sarcoma is diagnosed with a biopsy. If your doctor thinks you may have a soft tissue sarcoma, a biopsy will be done. The type of biopsy will be based on the size of the tumor and where it is in the body. There are three types of biopsy that may be used: Incisional biopsy : The removal of part of a lump or a sample of tissue. Core biopsy : The removal of tissue using a wide needle. Excisional biopsy : The removal of an entire lump or area of tissue that doesn’t look normal.

Certain factors affect treatment options and prognosis (chance of recovery). The treatment options and prognosis (chance of recovery) depend on the following: The type of soft tissue sarcoma. The size, grade, and stage of the tumor. How fast the cancer cells are growing and dividing. Where the tumor is in the body. Whether all of the tumor is removed by surgery. The patient's age and general health. Whether the cancer has recurred (come back).